在costco被要求搜包包 - 好市多
By Daph Bay
at 2009-10-14T20:07
at 2009-10-14T20:07
Table of Contents
的確是在一般商店是有絕對權利拒絕搜查包包,必須要有依刑法的規定,
有相關法令的規定或是有當事人同意下才能搜查包包,但是
在costco的會員規範裡面,有保留這項權利的規定。
下午查過Costco中文網站裡面的會員規章,沒有仔細找是不是有更詳細的版本
目前只看到簡單的幾項條文,我也已經不記得當初拿到卡片時是否有厚厚一本的
會員權益說明,記得好像有寄一份東西來的樣子,不確定XD,有新辦的大大可以幫忙
再注意一下。
而剛剛看到的英文歡迎會員手冊的內容:
"Costco reserves the right to inspect any container, backpack, briefcase,
etc. upon entering or leaving the warehouse." (page 11)
全文版本:http://www.costco.com/Images/Content/Misc/PDF/WelcomeBrochure04.pdf
所以在同意辦了會員卡時,這項條文也一併在同意的範圍內,當然,他們如果有做到
在門口先告知可能會搜查,或勸導需要搜查的客人把包包留在車上,不必要的糾紛
可以降低很多。實際看討論好像costco是比較針對backpack,一般女生的皮包,比較
不會要求要搜查。
當然在一般商店、百貨公司,下面大大所列的條文是大家一定要據理力爭的!
這也不是說,如果在Costco遇到要求要檢查包包,就不能主張拒絕!就像辦信用卡
一樣,辦的時候也許不會看到有超高的循環利息,但是當知道有超高循環利息時,
可以選擇不使用、使用、或剪卡;在Costco遇到這樣的狀況,大家還是可以表達抗議,
就看costco的態度,是要堅持這項權利而取消不配合的會員的資格,或是
讓客人離開,這都是可能發生的狀況。
再補充說明:
推文大大們都很有人身自由跟為自己權利據理力爭的意識,我非常贊同
如果說這個要以憲法層級來討論,我比較無法直接的指出是哪一條可以完全解釋,
憲法第八條的逮捕、拘禁、審問、處罰不能直接適用於要求查看客人的包包,
比較能夠直接引用的,如Furch大引出的不得以強暴、脅迫的手段,不得直接搜索
他人身體甚至非法拘禁,如果今天Costco是強拉客人、把客人滯留,這是侵害到客人
法律保障權利,可以直接告Costco侵權。如果costco是依現行犯逮捕之規定,當然
要符合現行犯之定義才可以。
如果真的要力爭這一條權利,一個方法就是直接去退costco會員,並且明確告知不能
同意這樣的條文;一個方法可以去跟消保官申訴,主張定型化契約侵犯人權無效,就像
推文大大有說之前好像有消保官說是違法,但是目前查詢尚無找到相關實際處罰的案例
只有看到新聞報導說好市多恐被罰,足見這部份尚有爭議的空間。
這個問題是不是國中生就知道的,我真的不曉得,也許我笨,我到目前還是不太能夠
完整的論述Costco這樣類型的會員制商店要求看收據跟要求檢查包包,是具體違法無據
有關於美國costco跟客人的權益部分,論述上就比較簡單
引用:
anyone who says that this policy is invasive or violates the Bill of Rights
is wrong. The policy is extremely annoying, but that's it. First of all,
this is a private establishment, not the government.
The Bill of Rights only protects you against the government.
Second of all, you waive your rights regarding this search in your membership
agreement.
If you don't like it, you can just leave. But, store employees do not have
the right to detain you.
簡單來說以我們所認定的定型化契約無效,美國更講究的是雙方約定的效力,也可以說
一般人更注重保障簽署文件的內容跟效力,比較不會由政府力量來介入干預。
台灣有消基會是非常好的制度,消保官也都較站在弱勢消費者的立場來解釋,所以如果
這件事情真的有判例能參考,大家以後進入好市多也可以援引主張,不過好市多也是可以
再讓所有會員再簽署會員同意書強調這一條,甚至在進門的時候限制所有的包包待進場,
也是可能發生的狀況,畢竟他本來就是會員制度的設計,不能以一般公眾場所來論。
※ 引述《Furch (呼嚕嚕)》之銘言:
: 標題: Re: [請益] 在costco被要求搜包包
: 時間: Wed Oct 14 18:47:29 2009
: ※ 引述《okba0728 (綠茶無糖去冰)》之銘言:
: 刑法第302條(強制罪)
: 以強暴、脅迫使人行無義務之事或妨害人行使權利者,
: 處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或三百元以下罰金。
:
: 刑法第307條(非法搜索)
: 不依法令搜索他人身體、住宅、建築物、
: 舟、車或航空機者,處二年以下有期徒刑、
: 拘役或三百元以下罰金。
:
: 你不給搜而店家不肯放人者:
:
: 刑法第302條 (妨礙自由)
: 私行拘禁或以其他非法方法,
: 剝奪人之行動自由者,處五年以下有期徒刑、
: 拘役或三百元以下罰金。
:
: 在店家涉嫌構成違法要件的狀況下,討論該為哪一方著想是沒有意義的。
:
: 法律是保護懂法律的人用的,不想記的話可護貝印出來,
: 放一份在車子或購物袋裡,以備不時之需。
:
: 店家真要不講理而攔你時,就拿出來唸吧。
:
: --
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